Tuesday, September 19, 2017

Can Cats Be Trained?

Can Cats be Trained?

by Tricia McMaster
Published in The San Diego Union Tribune's  "SDPets", October, 2008


It is said that “dogs have owners, cats have staff.” We love cats for their independent spirit, but they can adopt some unwanted behaviors like jumping on the kitchen counter or scratching furniture.    If you are a cat parent engaged in a gentle stand-off over who runs the house, there is hope.   Cats can be trained to have good household manners and even perform some fun tricks, and the San Diego Humane Society can show you how.

Senior trainer Margaret Lenoir offers a two-hour workshop at the San Diego Humane Society on clicker training:   an animal training method that relies on marking desirable behavior with a clicking sound, and rewarding that behavior.

Clicker training has been widely used by dolphin trainers who needed a way to teach behavior without using physical force.   It became a popular dog training technique in 1992 by training expert Karen Pryor, and has spread to a variety of animals.  A clicker is more effective than the human voice because it is distinct, precise, and it means only one thing:  reward.  

Only recently has clicker training been applied to cats and it has proven to be ideal for them.  Lenoir explains, “cats like to be in control and clicker training makes them think they are commanding a performance from the trainer.  It gives them a voice, and it gives us information.”    

Cats and other animals trained by the clicker method know exactly when they're doing the right thing. “Think of a clicker as a camera,” explains Lenoir,  “and take a mental picture of your cat performing the behavior you want to see, using the clicker at that precise moment.”   After “taking the picture,” the trainer gives the animal something it likes, usually a small piece of food but sometimes play, petting, or other rewards. 

Personalized Workshops 

Lenoir customizes her workshops to address the needs of each cat parent attending.  Some want to change a bad behavior, and others want to teach their cat tricks.  Still others want to calm down or even perk up their cat.  All of these can be handled with clicker training.  But most of all, it builds a life-long bond between you and your cat.

As a senior trainer, Lenoir recently made a house call to Diana Powell and Jon Moore to help their newly adopted cat Fritz get more settled down in his new home.  She used clicker training to calm Fritz.  “We definitely noticed a difference after Margaret’s clicker training session,” says Powell.  In fact, the couple attended the most recent Clicker Training for Cats workshop to learn more about the technique.  Fritz needs to learn not to scratch on the bedroom door so early in the morning.   For frisky cats, Lenoir suggests watching the way in which your cat calms itself, such as licking itself or sitting with closed eyes, and then click and reward at those moments.  

“Clicker training is much more than an obedience tool,” says Lenoir.  “By teaching simple tricks to your cat, and building on those tricks over time, the training engages its mind in a more complete way.  I like to think of it as the ‘complete cat.’”

One of the fun tricks Lenoir says cats can learn is to touch a target with its nose. This simple trick, once mastered over time, can be “shaped” to more complex tricks, such as following a target through a kitty exercise course.   Lenoir also shows cat parents how to train their cats to sit, give a “high five,” wave bye, and fetch.  

Lenoir reminds cat parents to keep their training sessions short.  Cats may lose interest or they may get exhausted from the concentration involved.  What ever behavior you are trying to teach, it is important to respect your cat’s comfort level. Cats have their own pace of learning.  And don’t try to coax or pressure your cat into things she does not want to do. Remember, this should be fun!

“Click” Your Way to a Happy Cat

“Over the three years that the San Diego Humane Society has offered the Clicker Training for Cats Workshop, we’ve had a great response,” reports Candice Eley, Public Relations Coordinator.   The workshop is held every other month in a classroom of the Humane Society’s beautiful facility.  Attendees are provided with their own clicker and training guide. For more information, visit the San Diego Humane Society website at www.sdhumane.org, or call them at 619-299-7012 ext 2247.  



Other Cat Workshops

How to Live Happily Ever After With Your Cat!
Learn to live in harmony with your cat! Gain access to the knowledge necessary to build a successful and rewarding relationship with your cat. This class is for people only; please leave your cat at home. Extension 2247.

Kitten Support Group
Have a new kitten? Got some questions? Bring your kitty for an hour of open-forum problem-solving and kitten play time! Proper socialization with other kittens can do wonders in teaching your kitty to “play nice". For kittens under 12 weeks old.  Kittens MUST come to class in an appropriate carrier. Please call for more information and a schedule 619-299-7012 ext 2247

Clicker Training for Cats
Have you always wanted to teach your cat some fun new behaviors? Maybe how to “sit” or wave bye-bye? Or perhaps you’d like to learn an exciting new way to train your cat to stay off the kitchen counter. Whatever your desired outcome, clicker training can be a wonderful method of communicating with those hard-to-train cats! This class is for people only; please leave your cat at home. Please call for more information and a schedule 619-299-7012 ext 2247.

Courtesy of "http://www.sdhumane.org/" 


Monday, September 18, 2017

Feline Leukemia: How Veterinarians are Fighting Back


FELINE LEUKEMIA:
How Veterinarians are Fighting Back

by Tricia McMaster
Published in the San Diego Union Tribune's "SDPets", September, 2008

Of all the viruses that threaten a cat’s health, feline leukemia (FeLV) is the most baffling.   According to the Long Beach Animal Hospital, veterinarians first diagnosed this virus in 1960’s and have yet to fully determine why it destroys the immune systems of some cats and lies dormant or disappears in others.  

But over the years veterinarians have gained considerable ground in the battle to conquer this disease.  They now have two common diagnostic tests and an FeLV vaccine as powerful preventative measures for the healthy cat population.  And for cats that have contracted feline leukemia a range of experimental medicines, supportive care and holistic treatments are helping them cope with the disease and enjoy a higher quality of life.

The Facts

Education is key protecting the cat population, and there are a number of very helpful websites for cat owners.   Dr. Holly Nash of PetEducation.com writes that the FeLV retrovirus is not contagious to humans or any other animal.  The virus itself is unstable and does not live long in the air or on dry surfaces.  While the FeLV virus is spread between cats through saliva, blood and urine,  it takes large amounts of the virus and prolonged exposure to infect an adult cat.  Curiously, the virus was named “feline leukemia” because at advanced stages of the disease it causes a serious cancer of the lymph nodes.    And it is not to be confused with the FIV virus, also known as “feline AIDS,”  even though both are immunodeficiency retroviruses common only to cats.
A cat can actually have both FeLV and FIV at the same time. 

Cornell's veterinary website estimates that about 2- 3% of all cats in the US are infected with FeLV. During the first stage of FeLV infection, a healthy vaccinated cat will  eliminate the virus over a few weeks.   A free-roaming or unvaccinated cat, however, may enter the second of infection where the virus will reside in the bone marrow.   In best case scenarios, the virus lies dormant and the infected cat shows no signs of illness.   In worst case scenarios the infected cat will suffer any one of a vast range of secondary diseases ranging from respiratory tract infections and periodontal disease to cancers.  Tragically, kittens are the most vulnerable to the complications of FeLV as the virus is spread through the mother.

Preventing the Spread

Two blood tests determine whether a cat has contracted FeLV: the “ELISA” test, used for initial screening, and the “IFA” test, used for confirming that the virus is present in the cat's bone marrow.   PetDoc.com recommends that a cat first testing positive for FeLV be retested, as false positives are not uncommon.  A cat can show no symptoms and still carry the virus, so it is important to test all cats in a multi-cat household if one is exposed to FeLV.

A number of FeLV vaccines are available.  The Long Beach Animal Hospital recommends that kittens be vaccinated at nine weeks with a booster two to four weeks later, and receive yearly boosters thereafter.   Veterinarians report the vaccine is not 100-percent effective, and cats still do come down with FeLV.  Because of the eventual suffering FeLV can cause, and because it is contagious,  homeless cats at shelters testing positive for the disease are usually euthanized.

San Diego humane societies and cat rescue organizations are banning together to help stop the spread of feline leukemia.  The Feral Cat Coalition routinely spays and neuters feral (wild) cats to lower the homeless cat population, while area humane societies and rescue organizations have their cats tested for FeLV and vaccinated before every adoption. 

Hope for Infected Cats

A growing number of cat lovers are choosing to keep or adopt one or more cats with FeLV and work closely with their veterinarians to maximize the quality of their lives however long or short they may be.    FeLV cats need to live separately from non-FeLV cats and they should never be let outdoors.  

New experimental drugs are aimed at prolonging the lives of FeLV cats.   Dr. Jennifer DeBerry, internal medicine specialist at the Veterinary  Specialty Hospital of San Diego, explains that “many of these new medications work in different ways to help the cat’s immune system be able to 'fight'  the virus, or at least keep it in check.  Unfortunately none of these immunomodulators have received thorough evaluation in large controlled studies of naturally infected cats.”  

“Where veterinarians do see promise,” adds Dr. DeBerry, “is in supportive care--treating the problems which are secondary to the viral infection.”  Veterinarians can help owners identify the early symptoms of health complications that arise due to FeLV, such as nasal discharge or swollen glands.  A range of treatments can help keep these symptoms from becoming life-threatening illnesses if they are caught early on.  

Dr. Keith Weingardt of the Animal Healing Center in San Diego incorporates three holistic approaches to his treatment of cats with FeLV.   “We look at strengthening the immune systems of cats with FeLV in order to minimize the secondary illnesses.”    Nutrition is essential to building up the immune system..  “Cats are carnivores,” Dr. Weingardt explains,  “and their kidneys go through additional stress eating dry kibble.”   He suggests grain-free, nutrient-dense canned cat food or home-cooked meats.  He also prescribes supplements and antioxidants formulated specifically for cats to help build up  the immune system.   And Dr. Weingardt sees amazing improvement in the strength of cats after having acupuncture.  Controlled studies show that acupuncture can boost the white blood cell count in animals. 

The combination of ever-advancing veterinary science and age-old healing wisdom help give cats with FeLV a fighting chance at having a quality life.   It is a gamble that many cat lovers and cat sanctuaries are willing to take.  They are joined by a dedicated veterinarian community who aim to conquer FeLV and minimize its dreadful impact on feline health.



Short-List of Feline Health Websites Websites:

Cornell University School of Veterinary Medicine

Ped Education.com


Pet Doc


Nine Healthy Lives

Nine Healthy Lives 

Local organizations share a common goal 

By Tricia McMaster
Originally published in the San Diego Union Tribune feature section "SDPets" August, 2008


Cats have been pets for about 9,500 years now, according to a recent BBC News Online report, well before the Egyptians worshiped them. They have the capacity to be wild, always aware of their “inner lion,” and yet they enjoy civilized human companionship. With about 88 million pet cats in the U.S. alone, they actually outnumber pet dogs. It's no wonder cats fit into today's working lifestyle because they are self-sufficient and can be left alone for periods of time. But don't let them fool you: Cats need humans.

Cats have typically been outdoor pets. It is said they have nine lives because of their ability to land on their padded feet from impressive heights, narrowly escaping trouble. But even nine lives aren't enough for an outdoor cat today.

“By letting your cat outside you are not providing love to your cat; you are putting him at mortal risk,” says Dr. Mark Goldstein, veterinarian and president of the San Diego Humane Society and S.P.C.A. Cats outdoors face coyotes and other predators, including fast cars, days without food, and a cat fight or two.

Friends to felines

Dr. Goldstein and the San Diego Humane Society want to take the public to a higher level of awareness about cat ownership. They offer classes on cat care and clicker training, sponsor pet clubs for kids and provide regular online tips for optimal pet care. They and other local shelters seek compassionate cat owners (or “guardians”) who are looking for ways to keep their cats active and happy in a protected home.

Some of the most innovative ideas come from cat owners right here in San Diego. Cats enjoy climbing and landing on those magic feet, so tall bookcases and armoires become an attractive target, but are potentially dangerous if there are breakables on the shelves or no easy way up and down. A solution? Bob Walker and Frances Mooney of San Diego have the ultimate cat-friendly house. Built-in cat walks, cat stairs and lofts are incorporated into their interior design as seen in their book, “The Cat's House.” Of course, cat trees are also a great alternative to furniture.

Cats also enjoy smelling all the outdoors has to offer, and nothing is more satisfying to a cat than a nap in the sun. Some cats find that a screened window is all they need to commune with nature. Others who need a more “paws on” experience can enjoy the outdoors if they have an enclosure that is fenced in both top and sides. Johanna Kane's private sanctuary Chateau du Meow has huge enclosed yards extending off the sides of her cottages. Kristy Hilquist, a San Diego resident and cat rescuer, created a fully fenced-in enclosure right in the backyard of her home.

Healthy Insights

Many of today’s cat owners are more in touch with feline health. Without exercise and sensory stimulation, cats may just spend their days simply eating and sleeping. Just as with humans, overweight cats can have health problems. Pet stores offer great toys to peak cats’ curiosity and keep them active. Cats observe and stalk just about anything that moves, so cat toys that involve human interaction, like feather teasers, are ideal.

“Indoor cats definitely live longer but are prone to geriatric problems such as feline diabetes, arthritis, urinary tract problems and feline asthma,” according to Dr. Jennifer DeBerry of the Veterinary Specialty Hospital of San Diego. “The good news is that with regular veterinarian check-ups these ailments can be diagnosed and treated early.”

And we are learning more about how human love elevates the quality of a cat’s life. Surprisingly, simply petting our cats not only lowers their blood pressure, but ours as well, according to a Cornell study. And no two cats are alike; in fact, their quirky differences are what make them so much fun. The more we interact with our cats, the more their “personalities” develop. Cats are adaptable and will quickly create their own daily routine around ours — like living alarm clocks.

Join the Cat Crusade

The longer cats are in the wild, the less socialized they become and their chances of having a new home decrease. San Diego organizations like The Rescue House rescue people-friendly cats before it’s too late. County and other contracted shelters also accept strays and the area humane societies accept owner-relinquished cats as space allows. They neuter, examine and vaccinate them, and some organizations even microchip their cats before putting them up for adoption. In total, there are 16 cat adoption centers and at least 20 pet stores in the San Diego area who work with cat rescue organizations to provide in-store cat adoptions. They are ready to give these cats another chance to love and be loved.

There is no better place to adopt a cat than in San Diego. And by joining a huge and growing number of compassionate cat owners, we are helping reduce the number of homeless cats in shelters and the outdoors. A stimulating enclosed environment, regular vet visits, and lots of love is all it takes. Our cats reward us in turn with nine lives’ worth of entertainment and companionship.

Tricia McMaster is a San Diego writer and a loving friend to cats. 

Short List of Shelters and Rescue Organizations:

County of San Diego Animal Services (619) 236-4250 http://www.sddac.com
Escondido Humane Society (760) 888-BARK (2275) www.escondidohumanesociety.org
FOCAS
(619) 685-3536 www.focas-sandiego.org
Friends of Cats (619) 561-0361 www.friendsofcats.org
National Cat Protection Society (619) 469-8771 www.natcat.org
North County Humane Society and SPCA (760) 757-4357 ext.5 www.nchumane.org
Rancho Coastal Humane Society (760) 753-6413 www.rchumanesociety.org
San Diego Humane Society and S.P.C.A. (619) 299-7012 www.sdhumane.org
The Rescue House (760) 591-1211 www.rescuehouse.org

Sources: 

BBC News: Dig discovery is oldest 'pet cat' http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/3611453.stm American Pet Products Association 2008 Survey http://www.appma.org/press_industrytrends.asp
Dr. Mark Goldstein Dr.
Jennifer DeBerry
www.thecatshouse.com
Johanna Kane, Chateau du Meow
Kristy Hilquist, San Diego resident and cat rescuer
“The Power of Petting your Cat” http://www.catsplay.com/thedailycat/2003-09-22/mind_happycat/petting/petting.html
www.adoptmesandiego.com 7/21/08